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def send_to_goulag(main_list: list) -> list: def send_to_goulag(input_list:list)-> list :
if not main_list: """Sorts a list of numbers using the unique "Goulag Sort" method.
return [] # Se a lista de entrada está vazia, retorna vazio
# Se a lista tem 1 ou 0 elementos, ela já está ordenada This algorithm processes a list of numbers through a distinctive iterative and
if len(main_list) <= 1: recursive procedure, inspired by the "Stalin Sort" concept. Here's how it operates:
return main_list
filtered_list = [] 1. **Iterative Filtering:** It iterates through the main list. If an element
gulag_list = [] is found to be greater than its subsequent element, the subsequent element
is moved to a temporary holding list (`temp`). The main list then continues
with the remaining elements.
# O primeiro elemento sempre vai para a filtered_list como ponto de partida 2. **Recursive Processing of Held Items:** If the `temp` list contains more than
filtered_list.append(main_list[0]) one item, the `send_to_goulag` algorithm recursively processes `temp`. This
filtering and holding process continues until the sub-list contains a single
item or becomes empty.
# Percorre o restante da lista original (a partir do segundo elemento) 3. **Partial Re-insertion:** After the recursive calls (or if `temp` was empty/single-item),
# com um único ponteiro 'i' the algorithm attempts to re-insert the elements from `temp` back into the main list.
for i in range(1, len(main_list)): This re-insertion is performed by finding a suitable position where the held item
current_item = main_list[i] is less than the current element in the main list, maintaining a partial order.
last_in_filtered = filtered_list[-1] # Pega o último item já colocado na filtered_list
if current_item >= last_in_filtered: 4. **Final Appending:** Any remaining elements in `temp` that were not re-inserted
# Se o item atual mantém a ordem com o que já foi filtrado, adicione-o into the middle of the list are then appended to the end of the main list.
filtered_list.append(current_item)
else:
# Se o item atual quebra a ordem, ele é "rejeitado" para o gulag
gulag_list.append(current_item)
if len(gulag_list) > 1: For a more detailed step-by-step explanation of the algorithm's flow, please refer to:
gulag_list = send_to_goulag(gulag_list) :ref:`goulag_sort_detailed_explanation`.
filtered_list = merge_sorted_lists_efficient(filtered_list,gulag_list)
return filtered_list
def merge_sorted_lists_efficient(list1: list, list2: list) -> list:
"""
Mescla duas listas ordenadas de forma eficiente, criando uma nova lista resultado.
Evita as operações custosas de insert/pop no meio das listas.
Args: Args:
list1: A primeira lista ordenada. input_list (list): The list of numbers to be processed and sorted.
list2: A segunda lista ordenada. This list will be modified **in-place**.
Returns: Returns:
Uma NOVA lista contendo todos os elementos de list1 e list2 mesclados e ordenados. list: The list after being processed by the Goulag Sort algorithm. The result
is an ordered list.
Examples:
>>> from goulag_sort import send_to_goulag
>>> my_list = [5, 2, 8, 1, 9, 4]
>>> send_to_goulag(my_list)
[1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 9]
>>> empty_list = []
>>> send_to_goulag(empty_list)
[]
""" """
merged_list = []
ptr1 = 0 # Ponteiro para list1
ptr2 = 0 # Ponteiro para list2
# Enquanto houver elementos em ambas as listas para comparar
while ptr1 < len(list1) and ptr2 < len(list2): idx = 0
if list1[ptr1] <= list2[ptr2]: # Note o <= para estabilidade (mantém ordem de iguais) temp = []
merged_list.append(list1[ptr1]) while True:
ptr1 += 1
if not input_list:
return []
while idx < len(input_list) - 1:
if input_list[idx] > input_list[idx + 1]:
temp.append(input_list[idx + 1])
# pop(idx+1) é uma operação O(N) no pior caso
input_list.pop(idx + 1)
else: else:
merged_list.append(list2[ptr2]) idx += 1
ptr2 += 1
# Adicionar quaisquer elementos restantes de list1 (se houver) # Chamada recursiva (pode adicionar complexidade se for muito frequente)
while ptr1 < len(list1): if len(temp) > 1:
merged_list.append(list1[ptr1]) temp = send_to_goulag(temp)
ptr1 += 1
# Adicionar quaisquer elementos restantes de list2 (se houver) idx = 0
while ptr2 < len(list2): # Loop para reinserir elementos de 'temp' na lista principal
merged_list.append(list2[ptr2]) while idx < len(input_list):
ptr2 += 1 if temp and input_list[idx] > temp[0]:
# Inserção no meio da lista input_list[idx:idx] = temp é O(N) no pior caso
input_list[idx:idx] = temp
temp.clear()
break
idx += 1
if len(temp) == 0:
return input_list
return merged_list if temp:
input_list.extend(temp) # extend é O(k) onde k é o tamanho de temp
temp.clear()